KNIT MAGAZINE

Understanding Thread Thickness and Knitting Machine Gauges

close-up photo of the needle part of a knit knitting machine.

What Is a Gauge?

When knitting sweaters, we need to consider the relationship between thread thickness and the gauge of the knitting machine. Gauge refers to how many needles are set within 1 inch (2.54 cm) on a knitting machine. This determines the density of the knit and is crucial when selecting the right machine for your thread.

The number in the gauge corresponds to the number of needles per inch. For example, a 3-gauge machine has 3 needles per inch, a 7-gauge machine has 7, and so on. These standards are consistent across manual, hand-held, and automatic knitting machines.

12 gauge hand side machine
7 gauge hand side machine
The top is the needle for 12 gauge and the bottom is the needle for 7 gauge.

Examples of Different Gauges

Needle Comparison: The top needle in the image is for 12-gauge machines, while the bottom one is for 7-gauge machines.

12-Gauge Hand Machine: Suitable for finer yarns.

7-Gauge Hand Machine: Suitable for medium-weight yarns.

Understanding Thread Thickness and Knitting Machine Gauges

What Is a Gauge?
When knitting sweaters, we need to consider the relationship between thread thickness and the gauge of the knitting machine. Gauge refers to how many needles are set within 1 inch (2.54 cm) on a knitting machine. This determines the density of the knit and is crucial when selecting the right machine for your thread.

The number in the gauge corresponds to the number of needles per inch. For example, a 3-gauge machine has 3 needles per inch, a 7-gauge machine has 7, and so on. These standards are consistent across manual, hand-held, and automatic knitting machines.

Understanding Thread Thickness and Knitting Machine Gauges

What Is a Gauge?
When knitting sweaters, we need to consider the relationship between thread thickness and the gauge of the knitting machine. Gauge refers to how many needles are set within 1 inch (2.54 cm) on a knitting machine. This determines the density of the knit and is crucial when selecting the right machine for your thread.

The number in the gauge corresponds to the number of needles per inch. For example, a 3-gauge machine has 3 needles per inch, a 7-gauge machine has 7, and so on. These standards are consistent across manual, hand-held, and automatic knitting machines.


Examples of Different Gauges

Matching Thread Count to Gauge

The gauge must align with the thickness of the thread. Thick yarns can’t be knitted on high-gauge machines, as the tension becomes too tight. Similarly, thin yarns can’t be used on low-gauge machines because the knit will be too loose.

Choosing the correct gauge ensures a well-constructed knit.

A Handy Table for Reference

The table shown divides the gauge selection into two categories:

  1. Top Half: Jersey Stitch
  2. Bottom Half: Rib Stitch

The left side of the table represents worsted yarn, while the right side covers woolen yarn.

This table, created over 30 years ago by a knitting company, shows how gauge usage has evolved. Back then, 12-gauge machines were the standard, and 14-gauge machines were the only option for finer work.

Important Considerations

While thread count provides a basic guideline, thread thickness varies by material, so it’s dangerous to rely solely on the count. Even threads of the same count may require different gauges depending on the item being made (e.g., innerwear vs. outerwear).

Additionally, variations in knitting techniques and organizations may impact the final result.

Final Thoughts

Please don’t feel intimidated by the technicalities of thread count and gauge selection. Experiment with different combinations to find the right match for your project. Adjustments may be needed, but the process can be both enjoyable and rewarding.

Explore new possibilities and enjoy creating with flat knits. See you next time!

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